Celtis occidentalis
Cannabaceae
Tolerant tree of urban conditions and restricted roots. However, rarely growing naturally in Northeast Ohio, more common on calcareous soils in the west. Edible fruits.
Summary
![](/themes/custom/cmp_b5/images/field_tree_climate_tol.png)
Good
Wildlife Benefits
Fruits food source for songbirds, gamebirds, small mammals
Pollination Type
Wind
Plant Hardiness Zones
2 to 9
# Butterfly/Moths that use as host
12
Bloom Time
Spring (Apr)
![](/themes/custom/cmp_b5/images/field_tree_shade_sun_tol.png)
Full Sun to Shade: Receives less than 2 to 6 or more hours of direct sunlight
![](/themes/custom/cmp_b5/images/field_tree_max_height.png)
Large (75-100 ft)
![](/themes/custom/cmp_b5/images/field_tree_growth_rate.png)
Rapid: 2 ft or greater per year
![](/themes/custom/cmp_b5/images/field_tree_soil_type.png)
Clay: Small sized particles. Long moisture retention and low nutrient availability.
Loam: Equal mix of clay, sand, and silt. Moderate moisture retention and high nutrient availability.
Sand: Large/coarse particles. Short moisture retention and low nutrient availability.
Silt: Medium sized particles. Moderate moisture retention and high nutrient availability.
![](/themes/custom/cmp_b5/images/field_tree_soil_moisture_tol.png)
Moist - Dry: Soil can be damp for periods of time and can retain little to no water for periods of time
Root - Fungal Association
Arbuscular mycorrhizae: Symbiotic relationship with fungi that exist on inside of plant root cells, facilitating nutrient uptake
Pest & Pathogen Risks
Low; Cosmetic-witches' broom
![](/themes/custom/cmp_b5/images/field_tree_urban_stress_tol.png)
High: Tree can adapt to a variety of urban conditions and will grow well
Drought Tolerance
Tolerant: Tree will not become stressed during periods of drought
Coefficient of Conservatism
4
Native Status
OH-Native: Species is native to Ohio
NatureServe G-rank
G5
Plant Community Type
- Beech Mixed: Absent
- Oak Mixed: Absent
- Alluvial: Occasional
- Red Maple Mixed: Rare
- Ruderal: Absent
- Urban Tree Cover: Common
Bloom Color
Green
Form
Tree
![](/themes/custom/cmp_b5/images/field_tree_lifespan.png)
Medium: 100-250 years
Soil pH
Circumneutral (pH 6.8-7.2)
Wetland Indicator Status
FAC: Facultative, occurs in wetlands and non-wetlands
Soil Compaction Tolerance
Tolerant: Tree will not become stressed from soil being compacted
Heat Tolerance
Tolerant: Tree will not become stressed for increased temperature due to urban heat island effects
Salt Tolerant
Tolerant to Salt in Soil: Tree will not become stressed when salt is present in soil
Native County Status
Cuyahoga
Lorain
Medina
Portage
Summit
IUCN Red List Assessment
Least Concern