Compare Trees
| Slippery Elm | Staghorn Sumac | Shortleaf Pine | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Remove from the list | Remove | Remove | Remove |
Image(s)
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Scientific Name
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Ulmus rubra
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Rhus typhina
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Pinus echinata
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Family
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Ulmaceae
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Altingiaceae
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Pinaceae
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Species Description
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Prefers uplands and mesic sites. Tolerates restricted root space. Attractive vase-shaped silhouette. Dutch elm disease is of high concern when considering planting this species, check for resistant varieties as available.
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Small tree that forms large colonies. Grows well on disturbed sites and in range of conditions. Produces red clusters of berries that persist through winter. Colony must form from female plants to have fruit.
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Native range mostly in Southeast U.S., but commonly planted for lumber. Blue-green needles. Grows on dry, rocky soil, which gives this species high drought tolerance.
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Climate Tolerance
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Good
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NA
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NA
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Plant Hardiness Zones
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3 to 9
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3 to 8
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6 to 9
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Wildlife Benefits
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Seeds/buds food source to birds, small mammals; moth/butterfly host
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Nectar/pollen source for bees, butterflies; berries winter food source for birds; moth/butterfly host
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Seeds food source for birds, small mammals; host to Imperial moth and Pine elfin butterfly
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# Butterfly/Moths that use as host
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185
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54
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NA
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Pollination Type
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Wind
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Pollinator
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Wind
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Bloom Time
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Winter (Dec-Jan)
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Summer (Jun-Jul)
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Spring (Feb-Mar)
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Shade/Sun Tolerance
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Full Sun to Part Shade
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Full Sun to Part Shade
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Full Sun
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Bloom Color
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Brown
Green
Red
Yellow
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Brown
Green
White
Yellow
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Yellow
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Maximum Height
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Medium (40-75 ft)
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Tall Shrub (5-15 ft)
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Large (75-100 ft)
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Form
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Tree
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Shrub
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Tree
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Growth Rate
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Rapid
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Rapid
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Rapid
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Lifespan
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Long (>200 yrs)
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Short (<100 yrs)
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Medium (100-200 yrs)
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Soil Type
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Loam
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Clay
Loam
Sand
Rocky
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Loam
Sand
Silt
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Soil pH
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Circumneutral (pH 6.8-7.2)
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Circumneutral (pH 6.8-7.2)
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Acidic (pH<6.8)
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Soil Moisture Tolerance
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Moist
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Dry - Moist
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Dry
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Wetland Indicator Status
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FAC
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UPL
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UPL
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Root - Fungal Association
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Arbuscular mycorrhizae
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Arbuscular mycorrhizae
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Ectomycorrhizae
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Soil Compaction Tolerance
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Tolerant
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Tolerant
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Sensitive
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Pest & Pathogen Risks
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High; Dutch elm disease
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Very Low
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Low; Pine weevil, pine sawfly
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Heat Tolerance
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Tolerant
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Tolerant
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Tolerant
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Urban Stress Tolerance
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High
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High
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Medium
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Salt Tolerant
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Sensitive
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Tolerant
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Sensitive
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Drought Tolerance
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Tolerant
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Tolerant
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Tolerant
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Native County Status
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Cuyahoga
Geauga
Lake
Lorain
Medina
Portage
Summit
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Cuyahoga
Geauga
Lake
Lorain
Medina
Portage
Summit
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Not Native to NE Ohio
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Coefficient of Conservatism
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3
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2
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8
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IUCN Red List Assessment
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Least Concern
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Least Concern
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Least Concern
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Native Status
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OH-Native
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OH-Native
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OH-Native
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NatureServe G-rank
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G5
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G5
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G5
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| Plant Community Type |
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